A defination of environment

Environment, generally refer to the surrounding environment and its components which surrounds us , including all living as well as non-living things .The natural environment and its concept can be differentiated by its component:

* A unit of ecology which functions as natural system without Man's disturbance, which includes all types vegetation ,animal, microorganism, atmosphere, rock , soil, and Natural activities which occurs within their own boundaries.

* Universal natural , Physical phenomena & resource which lacks clear-cut boundary,i.e; climate, air, and water, as well as Electric charge, radiation, magnetism, and energy, that not originated from human activities.

We the human civilizations are the greatest gift of the environment in the whole. But this gift has been misusing the environment itself by polluting it. It presumes itself as the supreme of all creatures found in the mother earth and shows its supremacy by constructing sky touching buildings, destructive weapons, Depleting natural resource’s source by excess utilization of the natural resource, i.e.; “air, water, soil, mineral resources, forest”, showing its control over the poor and helpless creature. It has grown from few groups to huge sizes, from small place to big countries and cities. Where ever they go they show the movie of destruction instead of construction.

For each n every creature the environment is important because their existence fully depends on the existence of the environment. No any creature can sustain without the environment. But due to human activities of polluting more n more environmental resources the problem of global warming has aroused rapidly. Due to the increasing global warming it has drastically changed the environment of today’s world. To know more about this we can see the following information.

· Nepal's environment has suffered the effect of consequent soil erosion and deforestation, agricultural encroachment, & contaminated water supply. Between the 1960s till 1970s, forestlands declined by 8% (30% - 22%) of the total area, mainly because of the need of timber for firewood, which supplied more than 90% of Nepal's fuel’s requirement. Moreover, it’s estimated for the erosion to cause the loss of 240 million cubic meter of topsoil every year.

· During 1957 every forest of Nepal were nationalized. But the effort of reforestation been to its minimal level. In 1980s, a forest conservation program started which included the nurseries of trees in village, free distributions of seeds, and provision for wood-burning stoves. However during 1985 the rate of deforestation averaged to 324 sq mi per year, whereas reforestation was only for 4,000 hectares each year. There was an additional 14.4% loss of forest from 1983-1993. The FAO estimated that at this rate by 2015 the forests of Nepal will be completely wiped out.

· Water and air pollution are significant environmental problems in Nepal. According to U.N.'s sources, the nation produced 3,300 tons of hydrocarbons ,18,000 tons of carbon monoxide and per year. Roughly the nation's one-third city inhabitant & two-thirds of all rural dweller do not get pure water for drinking which has created health hazard.

· During 2001, 28 mammals, 27 bird, as well as 7 plant species in the verse of disappearance (extinction). Some of the endangered species found in the Nepal are the snow leopard, One horned rhino, Asian elephant, Royal Bengal tiger, pygmy hog, swamp deer, gavial, Assam rabbit, wild yak, and chi pheasant.